Deficiencies in Emergency Equipment and Oxygen Filter Maintenance
Summary
The facility failed to provide necessary emergency tracheostomy equipment at the bedside for a resident with a tracheostomy, identified as Resident #86. During the survey, it was observed that the required emergency supplies, such as an obturator and appropriately sized inner cannulas, were not available at the resident's bedside or in the supply room. The primary nurses responsible for the care of the resident were not familiar with the obturator or its use, indicating a lack of training and awareness among the staff. Additionally, the facility did not ensure the cleanliness of oxygen concentrator filters for three residents, identified as Resident #33, Resident #44, and Resident #60. Observations revealed that the concentrator inlet filters for these residents were covered with a gray/white substance, indicating they had not been cleaned as required. The Maintenance Director, who was responsible for cleaning the filters, admitted that the filters had not been cleaned until the day of the survey, despite documentation suggesting otherwise. These deficiencies highlight a failure in the facility's processes to ensure the availability of critical medical supplies and the maintenance of equipment necessary for resident care. The lack of emergency tracheostomy equipment and unclean oxygen concentrator filters posed significant risks to the residents' health and safety.
Plan Of Correction
Resident #86 was provided with the proper emergency equipment at his bedside and nursing staff were educated and competencies were completed. Resident #86 is the only resident currently in Alaris Health at Belgrove with [R]. On 12/3/24 upon receiving notification of the Immediate Jeopardy situation, the Director of Nursing in serviced LPN3 and RN1 assigned to work 3-11 shift on the first floor where Resident #86 resides on Trach Care, Emergency Trach Care and identifying supplies needed. Competency and return demonstration was completed. Director of Nursing and/or Infection Preventionist also inserviced the LPN4 and RN2 assigned to the 1st floor for 12/3/24 11-7 shift on Trach Care, Emergency Trach Care and identifying supplies needed. Competency and return demonstration was completed. This was completed prior to start of the shift. Director of Nursing and/or Infection Preventionist repeated this process for RN3, LPN2 and RN4 assigned to the first floor on 7-3 shift 12/4/24 prior to the start of their shift. Starting on 12/4/24, this education and competency will then be completed on all nurses in the facility. Any nurse caring for Resident #86 will be inserviced prior to the start of their shift. Any nurse that is on leave or vacation will receive this education and competency on their first shift upon return. This education and competency will be incorporated in the orientation process for all new hires starting on 12/4/24. The [R] for residents #33, #44, and #60 were cleaned by the Director of Maintenance and replaced back on the [R]. All residents with tracheostomies and all residents that use oxygen supplementation via oxygen concentrators are potentially affected. Nursing Supervisor will check the supplies in Resident #86 room and any residents with tracheostomy q shift for the next 3 months to assure that all required supplies are present in the room. For Resident #86 these supplies include Tracheostomy Care Kit, Ambubag, Suction Machine, Suction Kit, Normal Saline Bottles, Sterile Water Bottles, Drain Gauze, Sterile Gauze, Inner Cannulas (#6), Tracheostomy Set for Emergency Use (includes outer cannula, inner cannula, obturator, trachea ties, size #5), Corrugated Tubing, Yankeauer Suction Catheter, Velcro Trach Ties, Suction Connecting Tubes, Aerosol Drainage Bag w/ Y-Adaptor and Straight Adaptor. Central Supply Coordinator will maintain a weekly inventory of trach supplies. Inventory will be submitted to the Director of Nursing on a weekly basis for review. Director of Nursing will instruct Central Supply Coordinator on a weekly basis of any supplies that need to be ordered. If a potential admission is identified requiring trach supplies, the Director of Nursing will identify supplies needed and assure supplies are available in building prior to admission. Director of nursing or designee will inservice nurses upon hire and annually on tracheostomy care and care of the tracheostomy in an emergency. Director of nursing or designee inserviced the maintenance department on properly cleaning oxygen concentrators filters. Policy of care of the oxygen concentrator was revised to clean filters weekly by the maintenance department. QAPI was implemented to not only address immediate rectification, but also to maintain an ongoing system to ensure proper trach care and supplies present for residents who need. Within this QAPI there will be continued education with all nurses on Trach Care, Emergency Trach Care and supplies needed. The Director of Nursing, Infection Preventionist and/or designee will conduct 5 observations per week of nurses performing trach care and reviewing emergency trach care and supplies starting 12/9/24. Any nurses noted with deviation from standard of practice will be immediately reinserviced and have a successful competency completed prior to being able to care for a resident with a trach. Maintenance director or designee will audit 5 oxygen concentrators weekly to assure they are properly cleaned. Results of these audits will be reported to the Administrator on a weekly basis for review for the next 3 months. QAPI meeting will be held on a monthly basis to ensure proper procedures regarding cleaning of the concentrator filters, trach care, emergency trach care and availability of proper supplies are in place and followed for the next 2 months and quarterly thereafter for the next year.
Removal Plan
- All nurses, including new hires, will be educated on tracheostomy care, emergency tracheostomy care, and identifying supplies needed with competency and return demonstration.
- A nursing supervisor will check the supplies in Resident #86's room to assure all required supplies are present in the room.
- Central supply will maintain inventory of tracheostomy supplies.
- The DON will assure tracheostomy supplies are available prior to admission.
Penalty
Resources
Below are regulatory guidelines relevant to this citation:
Surveyors observed four full O2 cylinders on one nursing unit stored unsecured directly on the floor under a sign labeled "FULL CYLINDERS" instead of in a secured storage rack. The ADON confirmed the cylinders were full and should not be on the ground. Reference to NFPA 99 showed that freestanding cylinders must be protected from damage and properly chained or supported in a stand or cart. The DON and Maintenance Director both acknowledged that O2 cylinders are required to be stored in a secure rack, should never be on the floor, and that unsecured cylinders on the floor present a safety risk.
A resident with severe cognitive impairment and COPD, receiving oxygen therapy via nasal cannula, was observed twice with the cannula lying on the floor beside the bed instead of stored in the bag on the oxygen concentrator as required. A CNA later picked up the cannula from the floor, wiped it with a non-disinfectant incontinent wipe, and reapplied it to the resident, despite having been trained that a cannula found on the floor should be replaced. An LVN, the DON, and the Administrator all confirmed that oxygen cannulas must be stored properly, replaced if found on the floor, and that incontinent wipes are not disinfectants, indicating a failure to follow the facility’s infection prevention and control policy.
A resident with COPD and dementia, receiving scheduled nebulizer treatments, was found on multiple occasions to have a nebulizer mask stored on top of the machine rather than in a sanitary manner. A CNA and a nurse aide in training confirmed the mask’s placement, and an LPN reported that masks were routinely cleaned, dried, and then stored on top of the machine. The DON later acknowledged that masks should be washed, dried, and placed on a clean surface, and facility policy required oxygen and respiratory supplies to be stored in a plastic bag when not in use.
A resident with acute respiratory failure with hypoxia, pulmonary hypertension, and type 2 diabetes was observed receiving oxygen at 4.5 L/min via nasal cannula without a corresponding physician order in the clinical record. The DON acknowledged that an order should have been in place before oxygen was initiated. Facility policy on supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula requires administration only under a physician or provider order, in alignment with 410 IAC 16.2-3.1-47(a)(6).
A resident was observed receiving O2 via nasal cannula on multiple occasions, but the chart had no current physician order for O2. The resident said she had been told after a recent hospitalization to use O2 for 30 days, but that time had passed and she was still using it because staff told her she needed it. The DON confirmed there was no current O2 order; the last order had already been discontinued.
Failure to provide and document respiratory care: A resident with a trach had no documented evidence of respiratory rate, depth, and quality being monitored each shift and as needed, despite oxygen orders and trach care needs. Other residents with CPAP, nebulizer, and oxygen therapy had respiratory equipment left out of required storage, missing CPAP settings and care details in orders and care plans, and MAR entries signed by nursing staff even when respiratory staff reportedly completed the equipment changes.
Unsecured Storage of Full Oxygen Cylinders on Nursing Unit
Penalty
Summary
Surveyors found that the facility failed to ensure safe storage of oxygen cylinders on the West 1 unit. At 9:03 a.m., four full oxygen cylinders were observed stored unsecured directly on the ground rather than in the designated secured cylinder storage rack, under a sign labeled "FULL CYLINDERS." Photographic evidence was obtained of this condition. At 9:18 a.m., the ADON confirmed that the four cylinders were full and acknowledged they should not be stored on the ground. Review of NFPA 99 (2021) 11.6.2.3(11) indicated that cylinders must be protected from damage and that freestanding cylinders must be properly chained or supported in a proper stand or cart. Later that day, the DON stated that oxygen cylinders should be stored in a secure rack and never directly on the ground, and acknowledged that unsecured cylinders on the floor were a safety risk. The Maintenance Director also confirmed that oxygen cylinders should be in a secure rack and never stored directly on the ground, stating that cylinders stored on the floor can tip over and cause damage. These observations and interviews demonstrated noncompliance with regulatory and NFPA standards for safe storage of oxygen cylinders.
Plan Of Correction
This plan of correction constitutes a written allegation of compliance for the deficiency cited. Submission of this plan of correction is not an admission that the deficiency exists or that one was cited correctly. This plan of correction is submitted to meet the requirements established by the State and Federal law. The four unsecured [R] cylinders on the West 1 unit were secured. The Nursing Department completed a baseline audit of [R] cylinder storage within the facility to ensure all [R] cylinders were secured and stored properly. Ongoing education will be completed with current facility staff regarding the facility's [R] storage policy and procedure; and will be completed during new hire and agency orientation to the facility by ADON/designee. Audits will be completed by the Director of Nursing/designee regarding adherence to the facility's [R] storage policy and procedure twice weekly x 4 weeks, then weekly x 4 weeks, then monthly x 4 months, or until continued substantial compliance has been met. Results of audits will be reported to the QAPI Committee on a monthly basis by the Director of Nursing/designee.
Improper Handling and Storage of Oxygen Nasal Cannula
Penalty
Summary
The deficiency involves the facility’s failure to follow its infection prevention and control program related to oxygen therapy equipment for one resident. The resident was an elderly female with dementia, COPD, depression, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, who had a comprehensive MDS indicating severe cognitive impairment and use of oxygen therapy. Her care plan identified risk for respiratory infections/distress related to COPD with an intervention to administer oxygen as ordered, and physician orders directed oxygen at 2–3 liters via nasal cannula to maintain oxygen saturation above 90% as needed for shortness of breath. On two separate observations, the resident’s nasal cannula was seen lying on the floor beside the bed instead of being stored in the bag on the oxygen concentrator when not in use, as required by facility practice. During interviews, an LVN, a CNA, the DON, and the Administrator all stated that oxygen nasal cannulas should be stored in a bag on the oxygen concentrator when not in use and that if a cannula is found on the floor it should be replaced. The CNA reported that she was unaware the tubing was on the floor until she entered the room to assist with the noon meal, then picked up the nasal cannula, wiped it with an incontinent wipe that did not contain disinfectant, and placed it back on the resident. She acknowledged she had been trained on oxygen tubing storage and should have replaced the cannula. The LVN, DON, and Administrator confirmed that incontinent wipes are for skin use and are not disinfectant wipes, and that staff had been trained on oxygen use and storage. The facility’s Infection Prevention and Control Program policy stated that the program is to help prevent the development and transmission of communicable diseases and infections, including instituting measures to avoid complications or dissemination, which was not followed in this instance.
Improper Storage of Nebulizer Mask and Respiratory Supplies
Penalty
Summary
Surveyors identified a deficiency in the sanitary storage of respiratory equipment for one resident receiving respiratory care. The resident was admitted with COPD and unspecified dementia and had care plan focuses for terminal prognosis due to COPD and shortness of breath, with interventions including administration of inhalers and nebulized medications as ordered. Physician orders included scheduled ipratropium-albuterol nebulizer treatments twice daily for COPD. During multiple observations in the resident’s shared room, the nebulizer mask was seen lying on top of the nebulizer machine rather than being stored in a sanitary manner. Staff interviews confirmed the observed storage practice. A CNA and a nurse aide in training each verified that the nebulizer mask was lying on top of the machine at the times of observation. An LPN stated that masks were cleaned after use, dried, and then stored on top of the machine, and acknowledged this could be an infection control issue. During a later observation, the LPN again confirmed the mask was on top of the machine. In an interview, the DON, with the Administrator present, stated the mask should be washed, dried, and placed on a clean surface and acknowledged it could be an infection control issue, and the facility’s written policy specified that oxygen and respiratory supplies were to be stored in a plastic bag when not in use.
Oxygen Administered Without Required Physician Order
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure physician orders were in place for oxygen administration for one resident receiving respiratory care. During an observation on 5/8/26 at 9:45 a.m., Resident 101 was noted to be receiving oxygen at 4.5 liters per minute via nasal cannula. Review of the resident’s clinical record later that day showed diagnoses including acute respiratory failure with hypoxia, pulmonary hypertension, and type 2 diabetes, but no physician’s order for the use of oxygen could be located at the time of review. In a subsequent interview on 5/12/26 at 8:14 a.m., the Director of Nursing stated that physician orders for oxygen should have been present in the record before oxygen was initiated. The facility’s undated policy titled “Supplemental Oxygen Using Nasal Cannula,” provided on 5/13/26, specified that supplemental oxygen may be administered via nasal cannula only at the order of a physician or provider, consistent with 410 IAC 16.2-3.1-47(a)(6). These observations, interviews, and record reviews demonstrate that oxygen was administered to Resident 101 without the required physician order, contrary to both facility policy and state regulatory requirements.
Missing Current Physician Order for Oxygen
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure a current physician's order was in place for a resident receiving oxygen via nasal cannula. Resident 3 was observed in her room on multiple occasions using oxygen from a humidifying oxygen delivery machine via nasal cannula. During interview, the resident stated she had been told after her last hospitalization to use oxygen for another 30 days, but that time had passed and she was still wearing the nasal cannula and receiving oxygen because staff told her she needed it; she also stated the nasal cannula bothered her and she did not want to wear it if it was not necessary. Review of the clinical record showed diagnoses including atrial fibrillation and anxiety, but no current oxygen order. The last oxygen order had a start date of 2/2/26 and a discontinued date of 2/23/26. The DON confirmed there was no current physician's order for oxygen for the resident.
Failure to Provide and Document Respiratory Care
Penalty
Summary
The facility failed to ensure appropriate respiratory care was provided and documented for residents with tracheostomy, oxygen, CPAP, and nebulizer needs. Facility policy required respiratory treatments and equipment care to be based on physician orders, care plans, and diagnoses, and required documentation of services provided, including date, time, and the name and title of the person providing care. The respiratory therapy job description stated respiratory staff assumed primary responsibility for respiratory care modalities, conducted therapeutic procedures, maintained resident records, and documented patient care services. Resident R3 had diagnoses including traumatic brain injury and respiratory failure and had a physician order for oxygen at 10 liters per minute continuously, titrated to maintain oxygen saturation above 90%. The resident’s MDS indicated tracheostomy care was required. During observation, R3 was receiving oxygen via face mask to the trach and pulse and oxygen saturation were being monitored. However, review of the clinical record failed to show evidence that the resident’s respiratory rate, depth, and quality were monitored and documented each shift and as needed. Staff interviews confirmed that nurses were responsible for reviewing care plans, monitoring respiratory status, and documenting changes, and that the facility failed to document and monitor R3’s respiratory rate, depth, and quality each shift and as needed. Resident R67 had obstructive sleep apnea, heart failure, and diabetes, with an order for CPAP at hour of sleep at home settings. The order did not include the setting or any care for the CPAP machine, and the care plan also did not include the CPAP settings or care needed for the machine. During observation, the resident’s CPAP mask was sitting on top of the bedside stand and was not stored in a bag as required. Resident R69 had emphysema and was ordered albuterol nebulizer treatments four times a day, but during observation the handheld nebulizer was sitting on top of the machine and not stored in a bag as required. Resident R11 and Resident R32 both had oxygen therapy orders requiring nasal cannula changes every two weeks, but the MAR showed changes documented by nursing staff while interviews confirmed respiratory staff actually performed the changes and that staff signed off even when they had not personally completed the task. The interviews also reflected confusion about who was responsible for the equipment changes and documentation.
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